On November 9th, under the guidance of the High-tech Development and Industrialization Department of the Ministry of Science and Technology and the High-tech Research and Development Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology, and hosted by the China Intelligent Transportation Association, the 2018′ 13th China Intelligent Transportation Annual Conference “Technical Salon: Roadside Parking Management” ”, Mr. Zheng Leike, chief of the parking lot management section of Shenzhen Public Security Traffic Police Bureau, delivered a keynote speech on “Exploring the Shenzhen Model of Smart Parking”. This article is a recording of the live speech and has not been reviewed by the speaker himself.
Section Chief Zheng: Hello everyone! I am Zheng Leike, Parking Management Section of Shenzhen Traffic Police Bureau, and I am honored to share my experience in Shenzhen roadside parking management. In Shenzhen, on-street parking management is jointly managed by the traffic police and the traffic commission.
The current situation of parking difficulties in Shenzhen
First of all, Shenzhen has a small area of 1,996 square kilometers, less than 2,000 square kilometers. After the number limit in 2013, the number of motor vehicles has grown slowly on the basis of 3.3 million vehicles. Shenzhen’s vehicle density per kilometer is 510, ranking first in the country.
The number of parking lots has grown, from 2008 to 2018, it has increased by 2.6 times. Shenzhen traffic police, as the access authority for parking lots, have counted 5,360 registered operating parking lots and planned 1.42 million parking spaces. At the end of 2016, the Shenzhen Development and Reform Commission conducted a survey on non-operating parking lots. There are about 700,000 parking spaces in government agencies and institutions, and 31,000 temporary parking spaces. These 31,000 parking spaces are managed by the Transportation Commission.
Smart parking application exploration
Introduce Shenzhen’s application in smart parking. As early as 2003, the pilot work of smart parking in Shenzhen was carried out. At that time, parking guidance was piloted in the book city area of Diwang Building. There were a total of 18 sets of LED screens, covering more than 2,400 parking spaces. During the period from 2006 to 2011, 58 sets of LEDs were added. The screen covers 14,000 parking spaces and tests the integration of dynamic and static traffic management.
1. Data collection
Smart parking cannot avoid basic data collection. Without data, no matter how good the platform and algorithm are, it is useless.The Shenzhen traffic police platform has long focused on data collection. Since 2009, operating parking lots have been required to install a license plate recognition system at the entrance and exit, and the data will be sent back to the traffic police department. But the transmission mode adopted takes a lot of detours:Beginning in 2009, choose 3G transmission modeinformation is often lost, and pictures cannot be uploaded.In 2014, a model was changed. The government invested in the construction and used the fiber point-to-point mode to transmit to the public security network., and route the fiber directly to the gate. There are also problems with this model: first, the construction time is too long, and the second is that the picture recognition rate is not high. At the same time, it is difficult to eliminate faults, and it is impossible to determine whether it is a gate problem or a line transmission problem. There is also the problem of fake data. Previously, the criminal investigation department found a fake data packet, and several parking lots were transmitting this data packet. After several years of hard work, education and cultivation of the market, there are now 33 million pieces of data every day. At the same time, the transmission mode is gradually converted, and the conversion is started through the internet. Data is directly retrieved from Internet platform providers. There will be a standard, no matter which operator, real estate developer, or property company, as long as it meets the standard, it can transmit data according to the standard. The transmission information includes information such as the total number of parking spaces in the field, the remaining number, coordinates, parking lot charges and billing.
2. Government-enterprise cooperation
In terms of cooperation with government and enterprises, in October 2014, Shenzhen Traffic Police and Parking Know-How did a testAt that time, the company managed 52 parking lots, the transmission mode was optical fiber, and the accuracy was not particularly high.Now cooperate with AutoNavi and Baidu to exchange data,Their users can query the vacant parking spaces of a certain parking lot when navigating. In terms of data application, it is also constantly communicating with enterprises.
The Shenzhen Development and Reform Commission plans to build a “parking map” in Shenzhen, and the traffic police is the main data source. “Parking a map” includes off-street parking information, roadside parking (should be parked), shared bicycles, bus depots, passenger depots, freight depots, buses, wharfs and other parking lot stations dynamic and static information of operating car parks , to provide more convenience for the public.
3. Non-inductive payment
Non-inductive payment is not implemented for government charges, and mainly hopes to open up different non-inductive payment platforms.The current parking information platforms are scattered and gullyed with each other. Banks such as UnionPay and Minsheng are also working on the platform’s payment channels.The main purpose of the traffic police to promote platform interaction is from the perspective of public security management and information transmission. First, information exchange, car owners can achieve communication without registering on each platform, and the second is to promote the implementation of non-inductive payment. From the point of view of traffic management, non-inductive payment can attack the license plate car, what should I do if I get a license plate? What should I do if the license plate recognition is wrong, the yellow and blue license plates are not recognized clearly, the temporary license plate recognition is not clear, etc.? As long as the data is sent to the traffic police, it can be processed on the Shenzhen Traffic Police Star User Platform, including the owner’s annual inspection, driver’s license renewal, and information transmission and processing through the platform. On January 16, the “Shenzhen Traffic Police Star User Platform Launched UnionPay Non-inductive Payment and Newly Added Expressway ETC Rights and Interests Conference” jointly sponsored by Shenzhen Traffic Police, Shenzhen Banking Association and Shenzhen UnionPay was held on the third floor of Shenzhen Traffic Police Bureau. In the future, users of UnionPay credit cards and some UnionPay debit cards issued by all domestic banks can activate the UnionPay non-inductive payment function on the Shenzhen Traffic Police Star User Platform, and experience convenient functions such as non-inductive parking, non-inductive car washing, and non-inductive refueling. .
4. Actual policing
In terms of actual policing, Shenzhen traffic police are now creating a “dynamic and static integration” strike mechanism.The previous vehicle trajectories were only dynamic road trajectories, but now it is possible to obtain point-to-point + all trajectories on the road. The applications based on these data include precise deployment control, which used to be road bayonet control, and can only wait for the control vehicle to pass the bayonet to generate an early warning. Unless the police are deployed in advance, the success rate of stopping is not high, and now it is possible to crack down on illegal activities in the parking lot, the vehicle enters the parking lot and we can enter the parking lot to arrest. This cracking mechanism can also crack down on deck vehicles. The same number plate appears in the networked parking lot, and the system automatically warns. It can be officially launched at the end of December 2018.
Ancillary facilities and systems
1. The penalty for illegal parking is severe
Just now, Mr. Mu of Beijing Static Transportation Company mentioned that lax enforcement of roadside parking is a big problem, and Shenzhen was the same before.But now in Shenzhen, illegal parking is rare, because the cost of illegal parking is high, and the law enforcement area is basically covered. The fine for illegal parking in most cities is 200 yuan, and the maximum fine for illegal parking in Shenzhen is 2,000 yuan.The fines for illegal parking in Shenzhen are divided into different grades. The fine for illegal parking on ordinary roads is 200 yuan, and the fine for illegal parking on busy roads is 500 yuan. Most of them are automatic capture systems, which do not necessarily require manual information collection. The fine for illegal parking is 1,000 yuan, and the penalty for vehicles blocking the passage at the gate of the community and causing congestion is 2,000 yuan. Since the beginning of this year, a total of 2.85 million penalties have been imposed so far. We will not impose a one-size-fits-all penalty on illegal parking. Some old communities do not check illegal parking at night. Generally, hospitals will not be punished if they have temporary parking needs.
2. Order management in the parking lot
On-site order management. It turns out that the traffic police not only manage the traffic order on the road, the parking lot is managed by the property, so there are often parking blocks blocking the entrances and exits, and fights occur.Now the traffic management of parking lot is also included in the scope of traffic police managementFor example, one car occupies two, occupying the fire exit, etc., the traffic police will go to the scene to punish when they receive reports. Weibo reports and rewarded reports are acceptable. The annual report bonus issued by Shenzhen was about 3 million yuan last year, but it is not just illegal. Parking report. Shenzhen stipulates the main responsibility of the parking lot. If there are seven situations in the parking lot of the unit: lack of safety facilities, changes in the design plan, etc., which cause hidden safety hazards in the parking lot and cause traffic accidents, the responsibility of the parking lot management unit can also be investigated. . As one of the daily safety hazard investigations, the investigation is based on the “Interim Measures for the Management of Commercial Parking Lot Facilities in Shenzhen”, which has now been revised to remove the word “temporary”. The “Interim Measures” are mainly to optimize and revise outdated regulations by communicating with the industry on the basis of the new national standard.
3. On-street parking management
In Shenzhen, on-street parking management is handled by Shenzhen, and the traffic police will be consulted when planning on-street parking facilities. At present, there are 31,000 on-street parking spaces, 12,000 in the original special zone, and 19,000 outside the original special zone. parking space. The Shenzhen Transportation Commission has established a business establishment unit, which is the road traffic management and operation center. The center manages and charges all berths, and adopts two lines of revenue and expenditure, and the cost goes directly into the finance. In terms of supervision, the traffic police authorized the road traffic center to investigate and deal with illegal parking. The investigation and punishment included several behaviors: when a vehicle was found to be parked irregularly through geomagnetic technology, it came to the door to investigate and deal with it.The traffic police will entrust the center to manage the parking of a road sectionFor example, Section A will be entrusted to the road traffic center for management in November, and the traffic police will no longer come to repeat the law enforcement. Moreover, the road traffic center uses the traffic police ticket, PDA device and the traffic police network. After taking pictures and obtaining evidence on the spot, the information will be transmitted to the traffic police department. The traffic police department will make a penalty decision after confirming it in the background. Also provided by the traffic police. This has two advantages: First, the roadside parking management is under control, because the staff of the road traffic center do not have as many responsibilities as the traffic police. In addition to the illegal parking penalty, the traffic police also have accident handling, traffic jam removal, traffic security, etc. For guard duty, the road traffic center is more professional and only does one job, so the response speed is very fast. Like my downstairs, if there are illegal parking vehicles, it will take up to 15 minutes to ensure that someone will go up and post the bill.
4. Top-level design
Shenzhen has inherent advantages in top-level design. It formulated parking lot planning and construction and parking lot regulations at an early stage. In the regulations, it gave the traffic police the administrative approval power, and based on the approval power, some other management methods and standards were formulated to facilitate development. Car park data transfer work.The traffic police have participated in the formulation of many standards, the most important ones including technical specifications for parking guidance, technical requirements for parking license plate recognition in parking lots/garages, and management methods for parking three-dimensional garages. This method is mainly to solve the problem of unclear responsibilities during the construction of the parking garage, and each department manages it separately. No one is in charge of it when it is built, and no one is approved. When the construction starts, all departments have come, and now Shenzhen has made it clear about this. Regulations will be announced soon. There is also non-inductive payment. This week, we discussed the technical standards of Shenzhen’s parking non-inductive payment. In the later stage of parking planning, the municipal development and reform took the lead, and the traffic police and other departments participated in the formulation of the 2018-2020 Shenzhen urban parking facility engineering plan, planning the “hundreds and thousands of projects”, that is, to build 100 public parking lots, transform one Thousands of communities have added 10,000 parking spaces. Now the Development and Reform Commission is gradually promoting this work. To formulate unified technical standards for the smart parking cloud platform, NDRC hopes to build a large parking cloud platform, and is now formulating technical standards, which may include some previously formulated parking data standards.
5. Electric vehicle charging facilities supporting situation
Finally, there is the issue of charging. Now the promotion and application of electric vehicles is very fast.At present, the Shenzhen traffic police have undertaken a part of the promotion of the construction of charging piles. Because the administrative approval of the parking lot construction is carried out by the traffic police, the parking lot in Shenzhen is basically equipped with charging facilities according to the proportion of 10%, but in fact, cars often appear. Can’t find the pile, the pile can’t find the car, and no one can find the other. Each charging pile manufacturer has its own platform. In the next step, we want to integrate the charging pile information platform, so that car owners can accurately find the charging pile, just like the current fuel vehicle finds a gas station. Better help and development.
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